![]() ![]() I’m testing with a Jailbroken iPhone 5S running iOS12.4.3, with Frida installed from Cydia. Extracting TLS Keys and Decrypting iOS Trafficįrida describes itself as a “dynamic instrumentation toolkit”, it injects a JavaScript VM into applications and we can write JS code that runs in that VM and can inspect memory and processes, intercept functions, create our own native functions etc. To decrypt the packets we need the matching TLS keys, Chrome and Firefox will provide these when the SSLKEYLOGFILE environment variable is set but unfortunately there seems to be no equivalent for Safari.įortunately thanks to tools like Frida, we have the ability to implement it ourselves. I’ve filtered the capture to just display the traffic to and from But as the traffic is encrypted using TLS 1.2 we can’t see the contents of the packets. You should see a screen something like this: If they’re not already installed, install xcode’s command line tools:.You can find more details in this article from Apple but the basic process is: This mirrors the network traffic from the device to a virtual interface in MacOS and from there the traffic can be captured using tools like tcpdump and Wireshark. Capturing iOS network trafficĪpple support capturing iOS device network traffic via a Remote Virtual Interface (RVI). In this post I walk through how I capture iOS apptraffic using tcpdump, and how I use a Frida script to extract the TLS keys during the capture so that I can decrypt the traffic too. Safari and iOS doesn’t have this feature natively, and proxies like Charles only communicate to the browser via HTTP/1.x so I needed to find another solution. One challenge with analysing HTTP/2 traffic is that it’s encrypted and while Chrome and Firefox support logging TLS keys and tools like Wireshark can then decrypt the traffic. Sometimes I can use the tools built into browsers, other times proxies, but when I want to take a deeper look and particularly if I’m looking at how a browser is using HTTP/2, I rely on packet captures. After restarting, Airtool 2 should be able to use RVI to capture traffic from the device.I often want to examine the web traffic generated by browsers, and other apps. Go to System Preferences > Security & Privacy > General and click “Allow” to allow the system extension. On a Mac with Apple silicon, the first time you try to capture traffic from your device after enabling System Extensions, the capture may fail because macOS needs your permission to load or update the system extension that the RVI tool requires to function. The capture fails with “Unable to create or open capture interface.” To learn more about the “Trust This Computer” alert, see About the “Trust This Computer” alert on your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch. Similarly, you may need to unlock your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch so that Airtool 2 can see your device and capture traffic from it. Your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch will be available to capture packet traces in Airtool 2 only if you choose to accept the device to trust the Mac when you connect it to the computer for the first time. I’ve connected my device, but I can’t see it listed in the Airtool 2 menu. However, here we describe two problems that may prevent you from capturing from your device successfully and how to resolve them: Making sure RVI is installed and functional can be challenging, especially on a Mac with Apple silicon, but once RVI’s working, capturing from your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch should work without any issues. ![]() For example, if you only want to display traffic from the AWDL interface, use the filter expression frame.interface_name = "awdl0" You can also filter the trace based on that interface. You can add a column to display the interface name in Wireshark. You may verify that rvictl is correctly installed by opening Terminal and typing: When you first launch Xcode and install the additional required components, it installs the rvictl tool. ![]() If you haven’t already, install Xcode from the Mac App Store. Airtool 2 automates this process and makes capturing traffic from your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch a 1-click operation. You connect your device to your Mac, find out the UUID of the device, use the UUID and a command-line interface tool to create the RVI for the device, and then do the capture using tcpdump by passing the name of the RVI interface and the desired tcpdump options. The process outlined by Apple to use RVI is very much manual. RVI is a mechanism that allows you to create a virtual network interface on your Mac and use tools like tcpdump to capture packets from the iOS device attached to that virtual interface. To capture traffic from your iOS device, Airtool 2 uses a tool called Remote Virtual Interface (RVI). ![]()
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